Worm-eating Warbler
Common
Name: Worm-eating Warbler
(WEWA)
Scientific
Name:
Helmitheros
vermivorus
Global/Continental
Conservation Status: Not on IUCN 2004 Red List
National-level
Conservation Status:
Mexico
- Normas Oficiales Mexicanas (NOM) para la Proteccion Ambiental (Official
Mexican Standards for Environmental Protection) – Rare;
U.S.
– Bird of Conservation Concern
Key
Reference(s):
BNA No. 367 (Hanners and Patton 1998)
Distribution:
Breeds from ne Kansas, n Missouri, s and e Iowa (rarely), s
Wisconsin (locally), sw Michigan (locally), s and e-c Ohio, n
Pennsylvania, c and s New York, and Massachusetts south to extreme e
Oklahoma, ne (locally to se) Texas, s-c Louisiana, s Mississippi, sw
Alabama, nw Florida (locally), n (locally to central) Georgia, nw and
(locally) coastal South Carolina, and North Carolina.
Recorded in summer (and possibly breeding) in s
Ontario
. Winters from s Tamaulipas,
Oaxaca, Chiapas, and the Yucatan Peninsula south through Middle America
(more commonly on the Gulf-Caribbean slope north of c Costa Rica) to
central Panama (east to the Canal area and e Panama province), and on
Bermuda, the Bahama Islands, Greater Antilles (east to the Virgin
Islands), the Cayman Islands, and rarely in peninsular Florida and
casually in California and coastal Texas.
Recorded in early winter in
Louisiana
(AOU 1998).
Habitat
Associations:
Deciduous forest and damp, bushy ravines with dense undergrowth;
also locally in regenerating clear-cuts; in migration, a variety of wooded
habitats; in winter, primarily broadleaf forest with dense undergrowth (AOU
1998).
Source(s)
of Research/monitoring Needs (Number in ( ) is Physiographic Area number):
Ohio Hills Bird Conservation Plan (22); Mid Atlantic Coastal Plain
Bird Conservation Plan (44); Mid Atlantic Ridge & Valley Bird
Conservation Plan (12); Southern Ridge & Valley Bird Conservation Plan
(13); Southern New England Bird Conservation Plan (09); Mid Atlantic
Piedmont Bird Conservation Plan (10); Lower Great Lakes Plain Bird
Conservation Plan (15); Northern Ridge & Valley Bird Conservation Plan
(17); Allegheny Plateau Bird Conservation (24); BNA No. 367 (Hanners and
Patton 1998); PIF Monitoring Needs document (Partners in Flight Science
Committee 2004)
PIF
Continental Plan Monitoring Needs Category: Mo2 (BBS trends have very
low precision)
RESEARCH/MONITORING NEEDS (source(s) of needs)
Monitoring
- Priority
monitoring action – Improve the Breeding Bird Survey (PIF Monitoring
Needs doc)
- Develop
better methods for monitoring species that use patchily distributed
components of the forest, such as treefall gaps, including WEWA (OH
Hills; Mid Atlantic Ridge & Valley)
- Population
ecology studies of WEWA (Lower Great Lakes Plain; Northern Ridge &
Valley)
- Determine
factors limiting populations & causing declines (Allegheny
Plateau)
- see
needs under "Landscape" and “Demographics”
Habitat
Needs/Ecology/Life History
- Habitat
needs
- Determine specific habitat needs (and causes of declines) for forest
birds including WEWA (Ohio Hills; Mid Atlantic Ridge & Valley);
Refine knowledge of WEWA habitat requirements (Mid Atlantic Piedmont);
Nesting habitats of WEWA in the coastal plain (compared to typical
wooded hillsides) (BNA)
- Post-fledging
period
- Information on post-fledging period in WEWA (including local
movements, when they reach independence, when they leave for migration
(BNA); Determine which habitats are used & their relative
importance during post-fledging periods (Southern New England;
Allegheny Plateau; Ohio Hills)
Effects
of Management Practices
- Effects
of Silvicultural Practices - Role of stand age and stand structure on
habitat quality and on survival and reproductive success for priority
species including WEWA (Ohio Hills; Mid Atlantic Ridge & Valley;
Allegheny Plateau); Study the recovery process of healthy populations
of forest birds, including WEWA, in treated forest stands (mixed
mesophytic) (Southern Ridge & Valley); Effects of logging
practices on occurrence, breeding density, & nesting success
(Southern New England; Lower Great Lakes Plain; Northern Ridge &
Valley; Allegheny Plateau; Ohio Hills)
Landscape
- Landscape-level
effects of land-use practices on forest bird populations including
WEWA (Mid Atlantic Ridge & Valley; Ohio Hills)
- Regional
land use analyses to identify large forest blocks & landscapes w/
high % forest cover (
Southern New England
; Mid Atlantic Piedmont)
- Monitor
reproductive success at different locations to understand whether
fragmentation causes problems (Lower Great Lakes Plain; Northern Ridge
& Valley; Allegheny Plateau; Ohio Hills;
Southern New England
)
- see
needs under "Demographics"
Migration
- see
needs under "Habitat Needs/Ecology"
Wintering
- Habitat
preferences & overwinter survival of WEWA (BNA)
Invasives/Exotics/Disease/Parasites/Contaminants
- Sensitivity
to pesticides used on gypsy moths & other insect pests (Southern
New England; Lower Great Lakes Plain; Northern Ridge & Valley;
Allegheny Plateau)
Demographics
- Demographics
of forest birds, including WEWA, in Mid Atlantic Coastal Plain so that
significant source populations may be identified (Mid Atlantic Coastal
Plain)
- Studies
of WEWA demographics (Mid Atlantic Piedmont)
- see
needs under "Wintering" and "Landscape"
[Link
to References]
[Link
to PIF Bird Conservation Plans]
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