Swainson's Warbler
Common
Name: Swainson's Warbler (SWWA)
Scientific
Name:
Limnothlypis
swainsonii
Global/Continental
Conservation Status: Not on IUCN 2004 Red List
National-level
Conservation Status:
U.S.
– Bird of Conservation Concern;
Mexico
- Normas Oficiales Mexicanas (NOM) para la Proteccion Ambiental (Official
Mexican Standards for Environmental Protection) - Endangered
Key
Reference(s):
BNA No. 126 (Brown and Dickson 1994)
Distribution:
Breeds locally from se Oklahoma, s Missouri, s Illinois, sw and e
Kentucky, s West Virginia, extreme w and extreme se Virginia, se Maryland,
and s Delaware (at least formerly) south to e-c Texas (west to Gonzales,
Bastrop, Lee and Brazos counties), the Gulf coast, and n Florida.
Summer records north to sw
Pennsylvania
. Winters in Cuba (including
Cayo Real), the Cayman Islands, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands,
Veracruz (rare), the Yucatan Peninsula, e Guatemala (Peten), and Belize;
casual in Bermuda and the n Bahama Islands (Grand Bahama); one early
December specimen from Florida Keys (AOU 1998).
Habitat
Associations:
Bottomland forest, woodland, and swamps with dense undergrowth and
sparse ground cover, dense second-growth, and canebrakes, also in moist
montane deciduous forest with rhododendron thickets, and locally in
regenerating pine forest; in winter, primarily humid forest with dense
undergrowth; more widespread in migration (AOU 1998).
Source(s)
of Research/monitoring Needs (Number in ( ) is Physiographic Area number):
Ohio Hills Bird Conservation Plan (22); Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain
Bird Conservation Plan (44); Ozark-Ouachita Plateau Bird Conservation Plan
(19); Southern Blue Ridge Bird Conservation Plan (23); East Gulf Coastal
Plain Bird Conservation Plan (04); Peninsular Florida Bird Conservation
Plan (02); Texas Avian Research Projects- TARP (Texas Partners in Flight
2001); BNA No. 126 (Brown and Dickson 1994); PIF Monitoring Needs document
(Partners in Flight Science Committee 2004)
PIF
Continental Plan Monitoring Needs Category: ** (Long-term population
trend monitoring considered adequate, but some issues (e.g., bias) may not
be accounted for)
RESEARCH/MONITORING NEEDS (source(s) of needs)
Monitoring
- Priority
monitoring action – NOTE: Breeding
Bird Survey (BBS) provides acceptable data at the continental level (PIF
Monitoring Needs doc)
- Second
priority monitoring action – Improve the BBS (PIF Monitoring Needs
doc); (similar) Develop better methods for monitoring species that use
patchily distributed components of the forest, such as treefall gaps,
including SWWA (Ohio Hills)
- Supplemental
SWWA Surveys
- Develop a monitoring program for known breeding populations of SWWA
in the coastal plain (Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain); Information needed
on status and population viability of SWWA throughout its range (BNA)
- Studies
of all aspects of SWWA population dynamics (including population
density and reproductive and survival rates) (BNA)
- Information
on Distribution of SWWA Habitat – Determine how much pine plantation habitat presently exists
for SWWA; projected availabilities in the future (TARP - West Gulf
Coastal Plain); Map abundance & location of suitable habitats for
SWWA (BNA)
Habitat
Needs/Ecology/Life History
- Information
on SWWA Breeding Habitat Requirements - Habitat requirements for populations of SWWA
in the coastal plain (Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain); Determine habitat
associations of breeding bird species including SWWA (Ozark-Ouachita
Plateau); Habitat requirements for SWWA, especially
in young pine plantations; what pine plantation ages, tree
densities, soil moisture/water regimes, vegetation characteristics,
etc do they prefer? lower
and upper age extremes of this habitat (TARP - West Gulf Coastal
Plain); Define SWWA micro- and macro-habitat relationships (BNA)
- Comprehensive
studies of SWWA, including life history characteristics, and
metapopulation analyses (TARP - West Gulf Coastal Plain)
- More
information on SWWA nestling/fledgling/post-fledging ecology –
Determine relative importance & use of other habitat types during
the post-fledging period in SWWA (Ohio Hills); Information needed on
nestling and fledgling biology, development, and maturation (BNA)
Effects
of Management Practices
- Determine
Effects of Silvicultural Practices on SWWA - Better understanding of the role of stand age
and stand structure on habitat quality for priority species including
SWWA (Ohio Hills); Determine if more late successional hemlock stand
would augment breeding populations of high priority species including
SWWA (Southern Blue Ridge); Determine if silvicultural practices will
be compatible with conserving forest-interior sensitive birds species
including SWWA (Southern Blue Ridge); Determine the effect of tract
size and longer rotations of forest habitat on target species
including SWWA (East Gulf Coastal Plain); Determine the effects of
various logging practices on occurrence, breeding density, and nesting
success of SWWA (Ohio Hills); What are the territory sizes of SWWA in
pine plantations compared to other habitats used; what is their
reproductive success? is it a source or sink habitat type? (TARP -
West Gulf Coastal Plain); Test silvicultural practices in bottomland
forests that allow for viable SWWA populations while providing
economic sustainability (BNA)
- Develop
Best Management Procedures on industrial forest lands for priority
species including SWWA (Peninsular Florida)
Landscape
- Monitor
SWWA reproductive success at different locations in the region to
understand where forest fragmentation causes problems (Ohio Hills)
- Develop
a better understanding of landscape-level effects of land use
practices on forest bird populations (Ohio Hills)
Predation
- Determine
the impacts of nest predation on SWWA related to habitat parameters
(BNA)
Nest
Parasitism
- Determine
impacts of cowbird brood parasitism on SWWA related to habitat
parameters (BNA)
Migration
- Identify
important SWWA migration routes and stopover/staging areas (BNA)
Wintering
- Develop
quantitative information on habitat and other ecological relationships
during winter (BNA)
Demographics
- Population
demographics of SWWA in the coastal plain (Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain)
[Link
to References]
[Link
to PIF Bird Conservation Plans]
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