Costa's Hummingbird
Common
Name: Costa's Hummingbird
(COHU)
Scientific
Name:
Calypte
costae
Global/Continental
Conservation Status: NOT on IUCN 2004 Red List
National-level
Conservation Status:
Nothing other than coverage under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act
Key
Reference(s):
BNA No. 251 (Baltosser and Scott 1996)
Distribution:
Breeds from c
California
(north to
Monterey
, Stanislaus, and Inyo counties), s
Nevada
, and sw
Utah
south to s
Baja California
(including the Channel Islands off
California
, and islands off the coast of
Baja California
),
Sonora
(including Tiburón and San Esteban islands), s
Arizona
, and (probably) s-w
New Mexico
. Winters from s California
and s Arizona south to Sinaloa and Nayarit, casually north to sw British
Columbia, Oregon, and c Nevada, and east to c and s Texas (Hays and
Kleberg counties) (AOU 1998).
Habitat
Associations:
Desert and semi-desert, especially in washes, and arid brushy
foothills and chaparral; in migration and winter, also adjacent mountains
and in open meadows and gardens (AOU 1998).
Source(s)
of Research/monitoring Needs: Arizona Bird Conservation
Plan; New Mexico Bird Conservation Plan; California Bird Conservation
Plan; BNA No. 251 (Baltosser and Scott 1996); PIF Monitoring Needs
document (Partners in Flight Science Committee 2004)
PIF
Continental Plan Monitoring Needs Category: Mo2 (BBS trends have very
low precision)
RESEARCH/MONITORING NEEDS (source(s) of needs)
Monitoring
- Priority
monitoring action – Conduct early spring desert surveys (PIF
Monitoring Needs doc)
- Second
priority monitoring action – Conduct Mexican Breeding Bird Surveys
(BBS) (PIF Monitoring Needs doc)
- Determine
COHU breeding distribution in
New Mexico
(
New Mexico
)
- Studies
of movement patterns and population dynamics (to what extent are West
Coast populations augmented by eastern, inland populations? Are
Mexican populations augmented by birds moving south from the
U.S.
?) (BNA)
- See
needs under “Landscape”
Habitat
Needs/Ecology/Life History
- COHU
Limiting Factors
- Determine limiting factors for COHU in urban areas (
Arizona
); Determine COHU limiting factors in
New Mexico
(
New Mexico
)
- More
information on COHU Ecology/Life History - Field studies of metabolism & water loss
in relation to ambient temperature and activity patterns in COHU
(including microhabitat around nests) (BNA); Are there differences
between resident & migratory birds in onset and timing of molt and
reproduction? (BNA); Are altitudinal movements a key component of
ecology in resident populations of COHU (like
Baja
CA
) (BNA)
Effects
of Management Practices
- Determine
effects of fire on COHU habitat in a range of habitat types (
California
)
Effects
of Human Development/Disturbance
- Determine
if COHU will come to urban areas to use native vegetation (
Arizona
)
Landscape
- Use
GIS models to compare the distribution of COHU to landscape features
such as fire history, vegetation type - to identify key areas for
conservation (
California
)
Species
Interactions
- Interactions
with other Hummingbirds - Are COHU relegated to desert habitats because they are often
subordinate to other humingbird species or because of differences in
heat tolerance & water balance? (BNA); Determine effects of
relatively recent movement of related species of hummingbirds into
areas formerly occupied solely by COHU? (BNA)
Migration
- More
information about COHU migration routes - More study of migration routes (
California
); Are there key migratory pathways or do COHU disperse more
diffusely? (BNA)
- Determine
factors that affect COHU on migration routes (
Arizona
)
Wintering
- Determine
where COHU winter (
Arizona
)
- Determine
factors that affect COHU on wintering grounds (
Arizona
)
Demographics
- More
information on life span, survivorship, site fidelity (BNA)
[Link
to References]
[Link
to PIF Bird Conservation Plans]
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