Bell's Vireo
Common
Name:
Bell
's Vireo (BEVI)
Scientific
Name:
Vireo
bellii
Global/Continental
Conservation Status: Not
on IUCN 2004 Red List
National-level
Conservation Status:
U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA) - Endangered (Least BEVI
subspecies - V. b. pusillus) and
U.S. – Bird of Conservation Concern for other subspecies; Mexico
- Normas Oficiales Mexicanas (NOM) para la Proteccion Ambiental (Official
Mexican Standards for Environmental Protection) - Endangered (Least BEVI
subspecies - V. b. pusillus)
Key
Reference(s):
BNA No. 35 (Brown 1993); Draft Recovery Plan (U.S. Fish &
Wildlife Service 1998)
Distribution:
Breeds from coastal s and interior California, s Nevada, sw Utah,
nw and e-c Arizona, s New Mexico, ne Colorado, Nebraska, South Dakota, w
North Dakota, se Minnesota, s Wisconsin, ne Illinois, nw and c Indiana,
and sw Michigan south to n Baja California, s Sonora, s Durango, Zacatecas,
s Tamaulipas, s and e Texas, n-c Louisiana, Arkansas, sw Tennessee, sw
Kentucky, s Indiana, and w Ohio. Winters
from s Baja California and s Sonora (casually north to c California, s
Arizona, s Texas, Louisiana, and s Florida) south, primarily on the
Pacific slope and in the interior of Middle America, to Honduras, casually
to n-c Nicaragua (AOU 1998).
Habitat
Associations:
Dense brush, willow thickets, mesquite, streamside thickets, and
scrub oak; in arid regions usually near water; in migration and winter,
primarily in dense scrub (Tropical, Subtropical, and Temperate zones) (AOU
1998)
Source(s)
of Research/monitoring Needs (Number in ( ) is Physiographic Area number):
Ozark-Ouachita Plateau Bird Conservation Plan(19); South Texas
Brushlands Bird Conservation Plan (07); East Gulf Coastal Plain Bird
Conservation Plan (04); Osage Plains Bird Conservation Plan (33); Upper
Great Lakes Plain (16); California Bird Conservation Plan - Riparian;
Colorado Bird Conservation Plan - Central Shortgrass Prairie; Texas Avian
Research Projects- TARP (Texas Partners in Flight 2001); PIF Monitoring
Needs document (Partners in Flight Science Committee 2004)
PIF
Continental Plan Monitoring Needs Category: ** (Long-term population
trend monitoring considered adequate, but some issues (e.g., bias) may not
be accounted for)
RESEARCH/MONITORING NEEDS (source(s) of needs)
NOTE: See Recovery Plan
for additional research/monitoring needs
Monitoring
- Priority
monitoring action – NOTE: Breeding
Bird Survey (BBS) provides acceptable data at the continental level (PIF
Monitoring Needs doc)
- Second
priority monitoring action – Improve the BBS (PIF Monitoring Needs
doc)
- Supplemental
BEVI Surveys
- Conduct thorough rangewide surveys & regular monitoring of BEVI
(
California
); Inventory BEVI in
Kentucky
and
Tennessee
(East Gulf Coastal Plain); Study distribution of BEVI (South Texas
Brushlands)
- Study
population status, habitat requirements, and limiting factors for BEVI
(causes of population declines) (TARP - South Texas Brushlands, West
Gulf Coastal Plain,
Edwards
Plateau
)
- see
needs under "Effects of Land Management Practices"
Habitat
Needs/Ecology/Life History
- BEVI
habitat associations - Determine habitat associations of breeding bird species
(including BEVI) (Ozark-Ouachitas); Habitat selection in breeding BEVI
(TARP - West Gulf Coastal Plain); Better define the bird community
association w/ different shrub habitats and factors supporting viable
populations in these habitats (Upper Great Lakes Plain)
- see
needs under "Monitoring"
Effects
of Management Practices
- How
do annual burns, intensive grazing, and other land use and management
practices affect distribution, abundance & reproductive success of
BEVI? (Osage Plains)
- Effects
of management practices to sustain shrub communities within a
landscape matrix (Upper Great Lakes Plain)
Predation
- Better
information on predation patterns in BEVI (Upper Great Lakes Plain)
Nest
Parasitism
- Better
information on cowbird parasitism patterns in BEVI (Upper Great Lakes
Plain)
- Effects
of cowbird parasitism on reproductive success - Conduct selective monitoring at critical
sites to determine the effects of cowbird parasitism (on species
including BEVI) (
California
); Determine the impact of
Brown-headed Cowbird nest parasitism on the reproductive success of
riparian bird species (including BEVI) (
Colorado
); Effects of TWO species of cowbirds (Brown-headed and Bronzed
cowbirds) on priority species including BEVI (TARP - S TX Brushlands)
- Cowbird
control
- Effect of different cowbird control regimes on BEVI parasitism rates
and reproductive success (
California
); Determine how to successfully wean a songbird population (including
BEVI) from cowbird trapping (
California
)
Migration
- More
information is needed about the value of shrublands for migrating
passerines including BEVI (Upper Great Lakes Plain)
Wintering
- Status
of wintering habitat & identify current or potential threats (
California
)
Demographics
- see
needs under "Effects of Management Practices"
Habitat
Restoration
- Evaluate
use of restored habitat by BEVI (
California
)
[Link
to References]
[Link
to PIF Bird Conservation Plans]
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